The Saint Bernard is a large, gentle breed originating from the Swiss Alps, known for its rescue work and companionship. They are affectionate with family but require consistent training and are prone to specific health issues.
Origin and Purpose
The Saint Bernard originated in the Swiss Alps, bred by monks of the St. Bernard Hospice for rescue work and companionship. They were used to find and assist lost and injured travelers in the mountains.
Appearance
Dimensions
Gender
Height
Weight
Female
26-28 inches
120-140 pounds
Male
28-30 inches
140-180 pounds
Coat
Attribute
Notes
Color
White with red, brown, brindle or mahogany markings, often with a black mask
Type
Smooth (short coat) or rough (long coat)
Length
Short or long
Care
Attribute
Notes
Shedding
Moderate to heavy
Grooming
Regular brushing, more frequent during shedding season
Drooling
High
Body
Attribute
Notes
Head
Large and powerful
Skull
Broad and massive
Ears
Medium-sized, triangular, and drooping
Eyes
Medium-sized, dark brown, with a gentle expression
Nose
Large and black
Muzzle
Short and broad
Teeth
Scissor or level bite
Neck
Strong and muscular
Forequarters
Well-muscled and powerful
Fore Legs
Straight and strong
Hindquarters
Muscular and well-developed
Hind Legs
Straight and strong
Feet
Large and compact
Tail
Long, heavy, and carried low or slightly curved up
Gait
Powerful and steady, with good reach and drive
Temperament
Gentle, calm, patient, and friendly. Can be watchful and protective of family.
Social
Attribute
Notes
Affectionate with Family
Very affectionate
Good with Children
Generally good, but supervision is important due to their large size
Good with Dogs
Generally good, but early socialization is important
Good with Cats
Generally good, but early socialization is important
Openness to Strangers
Tolerant but can be reserved
Playfulness Level
Moderate
Protective Nature
Moderately protective
Adaptability Level
Moderate
Working Roles
Search and rescue, companionship
Exercise Needs
Moderate; requires daily walks and play sessions
Health
Prone to hip and elbow dysplasia, bloat, and heart issues
Additional Notes
Requires early socialization and consistent training. Not suited to small living spaces or very warm climates. They are heavy droolers